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虛擬語氣的用法

小知識

一、 前提句中的虛擬語氣 01 1. 前提句中虛擬語氣的形式
從句中提出一種與客不雅實際不相符或底子不成能存在的前提， 本家兒句會發生的一種不成能獲得的成果 。 前提句中的虛擬語氣按照分歧的時候有三種分歧的形式 。

02 2. 前提句中的虛擬語氣的舉例
(1) 未來時的前提句中的虛擬語氣 。 如：
If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 若是他要上清華大學的話， 他就會充實操縱他的時候了 。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 若是他要來的話， 他會通知我們一聲 。

03 (2) 此刻時的前提句中的虛擬語氣 。 如：
If he were free, he would help us. 如果他有空的話， 它會幫忙我們的 。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 若是他在這所黌舍進修的話， 它會對您很熟悉 。
(3) 曩昔時的前提句中的虛擬語氣 。 如：
If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我若是看過這場片子， 我會把片子內容告訴您了 。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 若是我早點到那兒， 我就會會到了李師長教師 。

04 3. 運用前提句中的虛擬語氣時， 須注重的幾個問題
(1) 當從句的本家兒語為第三人稱單數時， 謂語動詞若是系動詞be時， 可用 was 取代 were 。 但在倒裝虛擬布局及 if I were you, as it were 中， 只能用 were 。 如：
Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 如果我還年青十歲的話， 我會去國外進修 。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 如果我是您的話， 我要極力抓住此次機遇 。

05 (2) 有時， 虛擬前提句中， 本家兒、從句的動作若不是同時發生時， 須區別看待 。
①從句的動作與曩昔事實相反， 而本家兒句的動作與此刻或此刻正在發生的事實不符 。 如：
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 若是我在黌舍進修吃苦的話， 我此刻也會使工程師了
If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 若是他們通知過我們的話， 我們此刻就不會來這里了 。
②從句的動作與此刻事實相反， 而本家兒句的動作與曩昔事實不符 。 如：
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 若是他今天有空的話， 我們會已經派他去海說神聊京了 。
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 如果他熟悉她的話， 他必定會去問候她了 。
③從句的動作與曩昔發生的環境相反， 而本家兒句的動作與此刻正在發生的環境相反 。 如：
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 若是天不下太多的雨的話， 農戶會長得更好 。
If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 如果他工作一向盡力的話， 他此刻已進了辦公室了 。

06 (3) 當虛擬前提句的謂語動詞含有 were, should, had 時， if 可省略， 而將 were, should, had等詞置于句首 。 如：
Should he agree to go there, we would s him there. 如果他承諾去的話， 我們就派他去 。
Were she here, she would agree with us. 若是她在這兒的話， 她會贊成我們的 。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 若是她懂一些電腦常識的話， 我們會已經聘用他來這里工作了

07 (4) 有時， 句子沒有直接給出假設環境的前提， 而須經由過程上下文或其他體例來判定 。 如：
I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本該來看您了， 然而我太忙了 。
But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的幫忙， 我們還會在工作呢 。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 如果沒有您的指導， 我不會取得如斯大的前進 。

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